According to most psychological estimates, around 90-95% of our mental activity is considered subconscious, meaning only a small percentage (5-10%) is consciously accessible. Most of our daily decisions, habits, feelings, emotions and behaviours are driven by our subconscious mind. The subconscious stores a vast amount of information, including memories, beliefs, and learned patterns. Which is why self-awareness is so important.
When we’re aware of our values and goals, we can make more conscious choices that align with our authentic self, manage our emotions better, build stronger relationships, and develop emotional intelligence.
We often unknowingly expect our romantic partners to behave like our parents did, which influences how we act based on these expectations. These patterns unfold, even if we’re not aware of them.
So what is your attachment style, and how does it influence your adult relationships?
Secure Attachment
A secure attachment is defined by an ability to build healthy, long-lasting relationships.
Secure attachment develops when you feel safe and supported by your caregivers in childhood, allowing you to seek reassurance or validation without fear of punishment.
In essence, you experienced safety, understanding, comfort, and value in your early interactions.
Your caregivers were likely emotionally present and aware of their own emotions and actions.
As a result, children not only receive secure attachment but also learn to model it from their caregivers.
Secure attachment traits
Ability to regulate your emotions
Trusting others
Effective communication skills
Ability to seek emotional support
Comfortable being alone
Comfortable in close relationships
Ability to self-reflect in partnerships
Easy to connect with
Ability to manage conflict well
High self-esteem
Ability to be emotionally available
Secure attachment in relationships
Individuals with secure attachment styles typically handle relationships effectively and maintain strong mental well-being. They are usually positive, trusting, and affectionate toward their partners.
They have faith in their partner’s intentions and rarely struggle with jealousy. Those with secure attachment believe they are deserving of love and don’t rely on external validation.
Avoidant attachment
Avoidant, dismissive-avoidant, or anxious-avoidant are all words for the same insecure attachment style. It’s defined by failures to build long-term relationships with others due to an inability to engage in physical and emotional intimacy.
Avoidant attachment develops in childhood, often as a result of having strict or emotionally distant caregivers. These caregivers may have:
Left you to manage on your own
Expected you to be independent
Punished you for relying on them
Dismissed your needs or emotions
Been slow to respond to your basic needs
Some parents who contribute to avoidant attachment are neglectful, while others are simply preoccupied, showing more interest in things like grades, chores, or manners than in emotions, dreams, or fears.
Avoidant children may learn to adopt a strong sense of independence so they don’t have to rely on anyone else for care or support.
Avoidant attachment traits
Avoid emotional or physical intimacy
Feel a strong sense of independence
Are uncomfortable expressing your feelings
Are dismissive of others
Have trust issues
Feel threatened by anyone who tries to get close to you
Spend more time alone than interacting with others
Commitment issues
Avoidant attachment in relationships
Individuals with an avoidant attachment style often come across as emotionally distant or aloof. This behaviour may manifest as detachment, inconsistency in communication, or even an initial burst of affection followed by a sudden withdrawal.
Anxious attachment
Anxious attachment style is also known as anxious-ambivalent or anxious-preoccupied. It arises from inconsistent parenting that fails to meet a child’s needs.
Children with this attachment style struggle to understand their caregivers, feeling uncertain about what to expect from them. This leads to confusion and a sense of instability in their relationships with their parents.
They experience intense distress when their caregivers leave. At times, the caregivers may be supportive and responsive, but at other times, they may fail to be attuned to their child’s needs.
Caregivers may have fluctuated between being overly indulgent and emotionally distant, been easily overwhelmed, shown occasional attentiveness before pushing the child away, or made the child responsible for their own emotions.
As a result, these children often grow up believing they must manage others’ feelings, leading them to become codependent.
Anxious attachment traits
Sensitive to criticism (real or perceived)
Needing approval from others/external validation
Jealous tendencies
Difficulty being alone
Low self-esteem
Feeling unworthy of love
Intense fear of rejection
Fear of abandonment
Difficulty trusting others
Codependent
Anxious attachment in relationships
A fear of abandonment or loss can cause individuals with anxious attachment to experience lower relationship satisfaction and mental well-being.
Events or stressors that disrupt their sense of stability or threaten the health of the relationship are often linked to anxious attachment behaviors.
For instance, someone with anxious attachment may try to constantly figure out their partner’s exact thoughts and feelings, and display unhealthy behaviours if they sense anything that could jeopardise the relationship’s stability.
Disorganised attachment
Anxious-disorganised attachment is defined as having extremely inconsistent behaviour and difficulty trusting others. The primary causes are childhood trauma, neglect, or abuse, often accompanied by a fear of the parents, who are supposed to provide safety.
Children with this attachment style may appear confused and unsettled.
Caregivers are inconsistent, acting as both sources of comfort and fear, which leads to the disorganised behaviours seen in these children.
Disorganised attachment traits
Fear of rejection
Inability to regulate emotions
Contradictory behaviours
Intense anxiety
Trust issues
signs of both avoidant and anxious attachment styles
Disorganised attachment can manifest as:
Self-harm
Mood disorders
Personality disorders
Substance use disorder
How it manifests in relationships
Disorganised attachment in relationships
People with disorganised attachment style often display erratic and confusing behaviours in relationships. They may fluctuate between being distant and independent and being overly clingy and emotional.
Although they long for love, they push their partners away out of a fear of intimacy. They believe rejection is inevitable, but they don’t shy away from emotional closeness. Instead, they fear it, seek it out, and then reject it once it’s within reach.
They view their partners as unpredictable, and they themselves act unpredictably, constantly torn between the need for security and the fear of it.
You can find out your attachment style here https://psychcentral.com/quizzes/attachment-style-quiz
Consider professional help if you are worried about how your attachment style may be affecting your relationship.
Andrea x